What, exactly is insulin resistance?

A New Paradigm of Insulin Resistance

One of insulin’s jobs is to help move glucose from the blood into the cells for energy. When blood glucose remains elevated despite normal or high levels of insulin, this is called insulin resistance. The cells are resisting insulin’s pleas to take up glucose. But why is this happening? What causes insulin resistance?

The current paradigm of understanding insulin resistance is the ‘lock and key’ model. The hormone insulin acts upon a cell surface receptor to do its job. The insulin receptor is like a lock keeping the gates to the cell closed. Insulin is like the proper key. When inserted, the gate opens to let glucose from the blood inside the cell for energy. Once you remove the key (insulin), the gate closes back up and blood glucose can no longer enter the cell.

During the phenomenon of insulin resistance, we imagine that the lock and key no longer fit together very well. The key (insulin) only partially opens the lock (receptor) and not very easily. Glucose cannot pass through the gate normally, and as a result, less gets into the cell. The blood glucose piles up outside the gate, becoming detectable as the clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is made. 

The cell, with less glucose inside, is in a state of ‘internal starvation’. The body’s knee-jerk reaction is to increase insulin production. Since each key works efficiently, the body compensates by producing extra keys. Yes, each key lets less glucose into the cell, but there are many more keys. This hyperinsulinemia ensures that enough glucose gets into the cells to meet its energy requirement. A nice, neat theory. Too bad it has no basis in reality.

First, is the problem the key (insulin), or the lock (insulin receptor)? It’s quite easy these days to determine the molecular structure of both insulin and the insulin receptor. Comparing type 2 diabetic patients with normal patients, it immediately becomes clear that there is nothing wrong with either the insulin or the receptor. So what’s the deal?

If both the key and lock look normal, then the only remaining possibility is that there is something that is gumming up the mechanism. Some kind of blocker interferes with the interaction of the lock and key. But what?

Here’s where the trouble starts. All kinds of theories try to explain what is blocking the insulin. Without a clear understanding of what caused the insulin resistance, we have no chance of treating it. All the usual buzzwords come out when doctors and researchers have no real clue as to what is going on. Inflammation. Oxidative Stress. Free Radicals.

While these may sound impressive, they merely reflect our ignorance, shedding no light upon the root cause of insulin resistance. These are all cop-out answers. Inflammation, like oxidative stress and free radicals, are merely non-specific response to injury. But what causes the injury in the first place? That’s the real problem that needs to be solved. 

Imagine that we are battlefield surgeons. After several decades experience, we deduce that blood is bad for health. After all, every time we see blood, bad things are happening. When we don’t see blood, bad things are not happening. Therefore, blood is dangerous. So, deciding that blood is what is killing people, we invent a machine to suction blood out of people before it can cause illness. In medieval times, of course, leeches were used. Genius!

The problem, of course, is what’s causing the bleeding, rather than the blood itself. Look for the root cause. Bleeding’s only the response, not the cause. Bleeding is a marker for disease. So are inflammation, oxidative stress, free radicals and all the other typical answers.

Gunshots, knife wounds, and shrapnel all cause bleeding, the body’s non-specific response. Those are root causes. When you get shot, you bleed. But the problem is the gunshot, not the bleeding. The blood is a marker for the disease, rather than the disease itself.

Fever is another example of a non-specific response to infection and injury. Fever is a good marker for infection. When we find a fever, there is often an underlying infection. But the fever did not cause the infection. Bacteria or viruses can be the underlying cause.

The same logic applies to inflammation, oxidative stress and free radicals. Something is causing injury, which stimulates inflammation, oxidative stress and free radical formation, which are all the body’s non-specific response. The problem is whatever caused injury, not the inflammation, oxidative stress and inflammation, which is simply markers of disease.

If inflammation were actually the root cause of heart disease, for example, then anti-inflammatory medications, such as prednisone or non-steroidal anti-inflammatories would be effective in reducing heart disease. But they are not beneficial at all. They are only useful for those diseases where excess inflammation is truly the root cause, such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, or lupus.

The exact same logic applies to oxidative stress, which is a marker of disease, but not a causal factor. Some underlying injury is causing the oxidative stress, which needs to be treated. This is the reason why antioxidant therapy is so startlingly ineffective. Vitamin C, or E or N-acetylcysteine or other antioxidant therapies, when tested rigorously, fail to prevent disease.

Saying that, “Insulin resistance is caused by inflammation” is like saying, “gunshot wounds are caused by bleeding”. Not useful. However, inflammation, bleeding and fever are all useful markers of disease and treatment efficacy. They mark the presence of the disease. If the fever breaks, then the treatment (antibiotic) is highly likely to be effective. Inflammatory markers can also be good markers for the effectiveness of treatment. If insulin therapy decreases inflammation, then this is likely an effective treatment. Sadly, it does not.

Without understanding the root cause of insulin resistance, we have no hope of properly treating it. This lock and key model with ‘internal starvation’ is a nice story but cannot explain many of the phenomena observed in type 2 diabetes. In particular, it fails to explain the central paradox of insulin resistance...to read more go to source page..

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How to Stop Worrying So Much What Others Think About You.

The greatest prison people live in is the fear of what other people think. I know because I lived in that prison for most of my life.

If I spoke to someone, I wondered if I said the right things or if they picked up that I was “not so smart” while we talked. Or if I met with someone else, I wondered if they were thinking, “Why in the world would he dress like that?” My insecurity appeared like Freddy Kruger ready to haunt me.

“Why did you do it that way?” The boss would say far too often. “They don’t even come close to falling in the category of our current clients.” While I knew very well they did, but I had trouble facing my accuser. I’d never retort, even though they didn’t fit his demographics. I knew they fit the profile’s psychographics. And more often than not, I hit the nail on the head. I closed the deal.

But, rarely did I enjoy it because I was so focused on my boss’ “opinion”, or what I thought his opinion was.

Living Hell

When you live in that kind of hell, always afraid of what others think about you, you can’t function at the top of your game.

You cannot put your best work out there, whether “work” is selling, creating or building anything. You’re in this game to move beyond where you are. So how are you going to change where you are if you don’t change how you think?

Worrying about what people think allows them to control who we are, what we do, how we think, and all of that? Changes who we are on the surface, you know, where people can see us. But, it doesn’t change the inside stuff (our hearts, souls or are belief system). Self doubt kicks in. It’s a dream killer.

We are who we are.

You have conditioned yourself to believe the crap that you think other people think about you, and you’ll settle. You sit yourself down in your chair at work and you do the work that you believe they believe is meant for you. So, you bite down on a sandwich filled with “average” and “mediocrity” and it becomes an acquired taste

Confused yet?

The deal is this: You control you. It matters NOT what Bobbie Jo thinks of you. Bobbie Jo isn’t trying to help you get ahead. You are. So the hell with what Bobbie Jo thinks.

Your thoughts are dictated by your beliefs. And if you believe that of the 50,000 thoughts we have each day, that someone is focusing any more than 0.01% of their brain power on you, well, you’re probably wrong.

And in that case, you’re wasting your energy worrying about what they think of you. Instead of working on your lawn you spend more time admiring your neighbor’s grass.

It’s time to stop. It’s time to own your life and break free of the prison you’ve locked yourself in for years.

Jail Break

Give up. Give up the notion that someone else’s opinion matters. Every time you catch yourself worrying or even giving two seconds of thought to what someone else may (not) have thought about you, your behavior, your work, STOP. Say to yourself, “I am enough.”

You will have to make this a habit. And you will have to make yourself aware of your thoughts. It won’t be easy, but with consistency, you can pull your own opinion of yourself to the top of your mind, where there’s no room for your thoughts about their thoughts.

Meditate. Sounds hokey, I know. But it works. Before you start and end your day, focus your thoughts on the amazing things that you did that day (even if it’s only getting out of bed when you didn’t feel like it). Keep a success journal to review on the days where you don’t feel like you have anything to be proud of.

Sit quietly for a few minutes and read your success journal, add to it, or just focus on the words, “I am a high-quality [insert your position here] and my work is impeccable.” Even if it’s not true (yet). Because it will be.

Write it. We’re talking about our minds here. They control our actions. So we have to control the thoughts we think. Write down your vision for yourself: I am more than enough. I am more than capable of a good job. What I think about me is all that matters. Say it. A lot. Until it has sunk into that beautiful brain of yours.

It won’t be easy. In all of this, are the keys to the prison you’ve locked yourself in a long time ago.

GO Grab the keys NOW. Open the doors… The world has changed a great deal since you last stepped foot outside your cell.

Source

3 Best Skin Care Tips To Keep Your Skin Hydrated During Summer

“I’m a big believer that if you focus on good skin care, you really won’t need a lot of makeup,” Demi Moore reportedly professed once. She has every good reason to think so. First of all, because makeup is supposed to do just that — to make up for your skin imperfections. When there isn’t anything to correct though because you have remarkable, flawless skin then, there’s no need to make up.

Thirst-Quenchin' Skin Care

Your skin behaves differently throughout different seasons. Ideally, whenever the season turns over, your skin care regimen must shift accordingly as well with the changing environment.  Here are your top three skin care tips for summer to keep your complexion looking dewy and full of life:

Tip No. 1:  Exfoliate.  It may sound counterproductive but, regular exfoliation will keep your skin looking young and fine all throughout the season.  Regularly exfoliating will help eliminate dry and dead skin cells from the topmost layer of your skin, allowing your moisturizing products to seep in more easily and become better incorporated into your skin.  At the same time, exfoliating also stimulates the deeper layers of your skin to produce more collagen which are badly needed to fuel repairs, regenerate a younger layer of skin, and rejuvenate tired skin.

With regular practice, your skin will keep showing younger, newer, less damaged skin only. It makes your skin appear more even toned, makes wrinkles and fine lines much less visible, while also fading dark marks and hyperpigmentation.

Tip No. 2:  Flood your skin with moisture.  Day and night, hydrate your skin.  During the day, prioritize sun protection. Make sure that your morning routine is centered around this theme.  Make sunscreen the most integral part of your daytime routine. However, even when you know you can qualify as the person with the greasiest skin, you still want that moisturizer to be part of your routine.

In fact, when you have oily skin, you have to make sure you supply the moisture so that your skin does not overcompensate when your skin begins to feel dry. Surprised? Don’t be because that has always been the case. If you care enough, keep spritzing on moisturizer throughout the day most especially on arid, humid weather conditions.

At night, make skin restoration and renewal the central theme of your regimen.  To derive the most benefits from your thicker night creams, go for emollients, humectants, antioxidants, and moisture-binding ingredients.  For mature, aging skin, here are some of the ingredients you should be deriving from your anti-wrinkle creams, such as Strivectin:

• Hyaluronic acid or co-enzyme Q10.  These are water-attracting and water-binding ingredients that act like moisture magnets, making your skin appear healthier and plumper faster and over a longer period of time.

• Retinols.  Care must be taken when starting with this highly irritating ingredient. Work its way into your regular routine starting off with low doses until your skin warms up to it and allows for nightly use. Retinols cause the skin to become more photosensitive. Therefore, make sure to keep your sunscreen on during the day to prevent skin damage.

• Collagen and elastin. Supplies your skin with precursors badly needed for repairs and regeneration to happen.

• Skin lightening ingredients. Retinols are not only good for wrinkles, it also helps inhibit pigment-causing melanin. If you are trying to avoid retinols, natural ingredients like kojic acid and licorice can also do the trick.
•  

Tip No. 3: Treat your body better.  Want to see a healthier, more hydrated skin?  You can’t just keep feeding your skin all the good things directly. You will need to feed your body healthier food as well.  When your body is fueled by nothing but nutritious foods, that is, no processed foods then, you can expect the same healthy goodness to show up on your skin as well.  Go for high-fiber foods, uncooked veggies and fruits, and lots and lots of liquid.

Get into a regular workout routine. The good nutrition in your healthy food won’t mean anything unless these are transported all over your body. You can ensure that happens by staying more physically active.  Engage in heart-racing cardio workouts while also firming up with weight training exercises.
Also Read
ECHS Facility for Ex servicemen

Conclusion

The weather may be challenging for your skin but, that does not mean it cannot be beaten.  Simply getting these three tips right will help keep your skin healthy and well hydrated all throughout summer...source

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Mantra For Beauty Sleep

When you sleep your body repairs and recovers itself, and there is a long list of benefits for your looks. But you need enough sleep say 7 to 9 hours each night.

When you get less than 6 hours, it’s likely affecting your appearance. According to sleep specialist start to get 1 to 3 more hours of snap, and you could see real improvement in your complexion. Continue it - “within 2 to 3 weeks, you will notice that your friends are asking about your beauty secret” 

So here are the six benefits of getting enough sleep.

1. Fewer Wrinkles
Skin makes new collagen when you sleep, which prevents sagging. “That’s part of the repair process skin is plumper and less likely to wrinkle.

2. A Glowing Complexion
Your body boosts blood flow to the skin while you sleep, which means you wake to a healthy glow. Skimp on sleep and your complexion can look drab, ashen, or lifeless.

3. Brighter, Less Puffy Eyes
If you’ve had dark circles or bags under your eyes its because of less sleep. There are number of instantly younger cream for dark circle but few tips prevent you to buy those creams. Staywell-hydrated and elevate your head with an extra pillow at night, too. It will help in reducing the swelling.
More on Brighter, Less Puffy Eyes
Plenty of rest can also minimize dark circles. When this dark circle happens when you sleep less and it becomes visible under your eyes, as the skin there is quite thin.

4. Healthier, Fuller Hair
As per experts hair loss, breakage, damage, and even growth can all be affected by lack of sleep. Hair follicles (where hair growth begins) gain nutrients, vitamins, and minerals from blood flow. When you sleep less there is less food for you hair.

5. Happier, Healthier Appearance
Fewer sleep can cause the corners of your mouth to droop, making you look sadder than you do after a real night’s rest.
People who don't get enough rest are also seen as less healthy than when they’re rested.

6. Heal Functions Better
Blood flow during sleep is more consistent, and this helps your skin benefit from the flesh-repairing ingredients in your beauty products. Skin also loses more water when you sleep than it does during the day. Apply a creamier moisturizer before bed and drink plenty of water during the day to help your complexion stay hydrated overnight.

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Wonderful World of Citrus Fruit

While the orange is a favorite among citrus, there are many other unique varieties of citrus that you may not have heard about. Try something new!

Cara cara orange – a type of navel orange that looks like a regular orange on the outside, but is a distinctive pinkish red on the inside. Cara cara oranges are very sweet and have a tangy hint of cranberries.

Blood orange – smaller than the average orange, the blood orange gets its name from the striking bright red to maroon interior. Blood oranges have an intense orange flavor with a hint of fresh raspberry.

Pomelo – the largest citrus fruit, the pomelo closely resembles the grapefruit. Pomelos have a thick yellow to green skin, with an interior that ranges from white to deep pink. Pomelos taste sweeter and less acidic than grapefruit.

Minneola tangelo – a hybrid between the grapefruit and tangerine, this fruit has a refreshing combination of tart and sweet flavors.
Did you Know?

The vitamin C in citrus fruit strongly enhances the absorption of iron in food. Vitamin C binds to iron in the digestive tract and the iron-vitamin C complex is absorbed together.
Useful Tips

Store citrus fruit at room temperature if you'll eat it in a week or so; otherwise, it will keep in the crisper for six to eight weeks.

Squirt some lemon juice on fresh cut fruits or fresh guacamole to prevent them from browning quickly.
Enjoy health benefits of citrus fruit with recipes with lemon or orange.

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Happy Makar Sankranti

MAKAR SANKRANTI AND THE MAGH MELA:-
Makar Sankranti is celebrated in almost all parts of India. It is a harvest festival which is celebrated with the worship of Lord Surya Dev in different cultural forms. Makar Sankranti has a profound spiritual significance and refers to a transitional phase..
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